Europe's biggest telecom equipment vendors have turned up the heat in the 5G marketing battle as they struggle to capitalize on Huawei's misfortunes.

Iain Morris, International Editor

June 11, 2019

8 Min Read
Ericsson, Nokia Boast 5G Wins Against Each Other, but Fail to Stop Huawei

Ericsson and Nokia are each boasting 5G-related gains at the other's expense amid analyst skepticism about recent improvements in their mobile market share, and signs that Huawei is still in the ascendant.

Top executives from the European equipment vendors have clashed over their respective positions in the mobile infrastructure market as they seek to capitalize on a shift to the next-generation mobile technology and a US-led backlash against China's Huawei, the world's biggest technology supplier to communications service providers.

Arun Bansal, the head of Ericsson's business in Europe and Latin America, said there is "no doubt" his company has taken market share from Nokia and that his Finnish competitor's recent claim to have signed 42 5G contracts is suspect because "revenues only come with the launch of networks."

"There are nine globally, and eight are with Ericsson… One of our nearest [competitors] has not managed to launch a single 5G network yet in Europe or America," he told Light Reading in a clear reference to Nokia during a recent meeting in central London. "We are able to win share against Nokia because no operator wants to be late in 5G initial deployment."

Figure 1: War of Words Ericsson's Arun Bansal challenges Nokia to back up its claims about 'swaps' at Ericsson's expense. Ericsson's Arun Bansal challenges Nokia to back up its claims about "swaps" at Ericsson's expense.

Reporting results for the first quarter, Nokia was unable to book around €200 million ($226 million) in 5G revenues in North America because its software was not deemed to be commercially ready. Those revenues, which it expects to book later this year, would have been the difference between sales growth of 10% and the 4% it reported.

Ericsson has also not encountered the same 5G interoperability problems flagged by Nokia, Bansal insisted. "We are probably the only vendor that has done 5G interoperability testing with all chipset vendors," he said. "That is a unique advantage compared with our competitors."

Nokia held interoperability problems partly responsible for its weak set of first-quarter results. Its "mobile access" revenues fell 2% organically, compared with the year-earlier quarter, while Ericsson's were up 10% on a constant currency basis over the same period.

Michael Genovese, an equity analyst with MKM Partners, thinks Ericsson's involvement in Verizon's "non-standards-based fixed 5G project" largely explains the sales difference between the two vendors in the first quarter.

Rajeev Suri, Nokia's CEO, insists interoperability is an issue for the whole industry, and not just Nokia. "The experience isn't great now with 5G," he told Light Reading at the company's London office this week. "If you want to get deeply technical, the chipsets being used now in the first commercial rollouts will change very quickly. They are not the ones that are backwards-compatible."

Figure 2: Smart Speaker Nokia's Rajeev Suri says 5G interoperability is an issue for the whole industry. Nokia's Rajeev Suri says 5G interoperability is an issue for the whole industry.

Ericsson currently boasts 21 5G contracts with named customers worldwide. Eight of those operators -- AT&T, Etisalat, KT, SK Telecom, Sprint, Swisscom, Telstra and Verizon -- have now launched 5G services using Ericsson's equipment, it says.

The Swedish vendor is also replacing Nokia as a radio access network (RAN) vendor in Vodafone's UK network and Deutsche Telekom's German one.

But Nokia says it has replaced Ericsson more often than it has been replaced. "With our Nordic rival, when there are swaps we win two-thirds of the time," said Suri. "We have a good track record against them."

Nokia has not disclosed details of these "swaps," inviting criticism from Bansal. "I would love Rajeev to name a single one," he said. "I would love to learn that."

Suri confirmed that all 42 of Nokia's 5G deals have come from existing 4G customers, of which the Finnish vendor claims 350 in total. One-half of those 5G deals are for "end-to-end" business, he said, meaning they cover more than just the radio and core elements of the network.

"Sometimes we are taking share in that footprint," he said when pressed about the market share claims. "In the radio footprint, our share grew in the US with the move from 4G to 5G."

The fierce rhetoric points to the opportunity for a vendor landgrab as operators shift from one generation of mobile technology to another. Börje Ekholm, Ericsson's CEO, has indicated that profitability may take a hit this year as Ericsson competes for work that is strategically important in the long run.

Huawei on the 5G highway
One analyst who tracks the infrastructure market remains unconvinced there has been much recent change in the position of the European vendors.

"In this first phase of 5G, the base stations need to utilize the existing LTE [4G] network to optimize total cost of ownership and time to market, implying footprint changes between LTE and 5G NR [New Radio] will be the exception rather than the norm," said Stefan Pongratz, a senior director with Dell'Oro, whose data is used by Ericsson for growth forecasts.

Moreover, preliminary estimates by Dell'Oro suggest both Ericsson and Nokia lost RAN market share outside North America between 2016 and the first quarter of 2019, while Huawei improved its position despite recent US efforts to get the Chinese company banned from 5G markets.

"Huawei's share outside of the North America region is not only improving, but it is also significant," said Pongratz by email. "We estimate that Huawei's 1Q19 RAN revenue was larger than Ericsson and Nokia combined, excluding the North America region."

When North America is included, Dell'Oro reckons Huawei share of the market for RAN, core and microwave products grew from 29% to 30% between 2016 and the first quarter of 2019 (on a "four quarter trailing" basis). Ericsson's market share rose one percentage point over that period, to 26%, while Nokia's fell by the same amount, to 20%, says Dell'Oro.

Ovum, a sister company to Light Reading, broadly agrees with the Dell'Oro statistics, calculating in a recent report that Huawei took 30% of all RAN market revenues last year, with Ericsson collecting 27% and Nokia about 22%.

Figure 3:

The European companies have struggled to translate Huawei's recent geopolitical problems into new business, demonstrating the limited success of the US campaign against the Chinese vendor so far.

"We have not won anything against Huawei due to geopolitics," Bansal told Light Reading.

Asked if the backlash against Huawei represents a business opportunity for Nokia, Suri said: "It is too early to tell. Clearly, there is some uncertainty in the market and some operators will say that whether there is a ban or not they just need to manage their supply chain."

Nevertheless, both Ericsson and Nokia are eyeing a bigger role in the UK, which as a member of the US-led "Five Eyes" alliance has come under pressure from the Trump administration to exclude Huawei from the 5G market.

US authorities say Huawei's products could include "backdoors" for Chinese spies and have already moved to block its access to US components and software.

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UK telecom incumbent BT is in trials with Cisco, Ericsson and Nokia as it looks to replace Huawei in its mobile core, bringing that part of the business into alignment with an internal company policy not to use Chinese equipment vendors in the core network. It is also considering whether to introduce a third RAN vendor, alongside existing suppliers Huawei and Nokia.

"We are presenting our technology in core and radio to Howard [Watson, BT's chief technology and information officer]," said Bansal. "Our belief is that no one else can offer dual-mode core across both 4G and 5G and we have proven 5G core functionality and capability."

BT rivals Vodafone and Three also rely heavily on Huawei's radio technology and could be forced to rip out installed equipment at considerable expense if the government's forthcoming supply chain review imposes a blanket 5G ban on Chinese vendors.

The operators say they would have to replace Huawei's 4G equipment in the event of a ban to avoid interoperability problems with the new 5G vendor.

Nokia is promoting the use of an "overlay" to get around this problem but has yet to provide evidence of telco interest in the offering. "If you have another vendor's 4G and want to bring in Nokia's 5G, then rather than use this other vendor's 4G as the link to 5G you introduce a thin layer of Nokia 4G," Suri explained.

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— Iain Morris, International Editor, Light Reading

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About the Author(s)

Iain Morris

International Editor, Light Reading

Iain Morris joined Light Reading as News Editor at the start of 2015 -- and we mean, right at the start. His friends and family were still singing Auld Lang Syne as Iain started sourcing New Year's Eve UK mobile network congestion statistics. Prior to boosting Light Reading's UK-based editorial team numbers (he is based in London, south of the river), Iain was a successful freelance writer and editor who had been covering the telecoms sector for the past 15 years. His work has appeared in publications including The Economist (classy!) and The Observer, besides a variety of trade and business journals. He was previously the lead telecoms analyst for the Economist Intelligence Unit, and before that worked as a features editor at Telecommunications magazine. Iain started out in telecoms as an editor at consulting and market-research company Analysys (now Analysys Mason).

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